"estoper" meaning in All languages combined

See estoper on Wiktionary

Verb [Old French]

Head templates: {{head|fro|verb}} estoper Inflection templates: {{fro-conj-er}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], estoper [infinitive], avoir estopé [infinitive, multiword-construction], en estopant [gerund], gerund of avoir + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction], estopant [participle, present], estopé [participle, past], estop [first-person, indicative, present, singular], estopes [indicative, present, second-person, singular], estope [indicative, present, singular, third-person], estopons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], estopez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], estopent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], estopoie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], estopeie [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], estopoe [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], estopeve [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], estopoies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], estopeies [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], estopoes [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], estopeves [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], estopoit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], estopeit [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], estopot [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], estopeve [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], estopiiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], estopiens [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], estopiiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], estopiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], estopoient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], estopeient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], estopoent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], estopevent [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], estopai [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], estopas [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], estopa [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], estopames [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], estopastes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], estoperent [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], estoperai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], estoperas [future, indicative, second-person, singular], estopera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], estoperons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], estoperoiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], estopereiz [future, indicative, plural, second-person], estoperez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], estoperont [future, indicative, plural, third-person], estoperoie [conditional, first-person, singular], estopereie [conditional, first-person, singular], estoperoies [conditional, second-person, singular], estopereies [conditional, second-person, singular], estoperoit [conditional, singular, third-person], estopereit [conditional, singular, third-person], estoperiiens [conditional, first-person, plural], estoperiens [conditional, first-person, plural], estoperiiez [conditional, plural, second-person], estoperiez [conditional, plural, second-person], estoperoient [conditional, plural, third-person], estopereient [conditional, plural, third-person], present tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect tense of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], preterite tense of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future tense of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional tense of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], estop [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], estos [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], estot [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], estopons [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], estopez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], estopent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], estopasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], estopasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], estopast [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], estopissons [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], estopissiens [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], estopissoiz [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], estopissez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], estopissiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], estopassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], estope [imperative, second-person, singular], estopons [first-person, imperative, plural], estopez [imperative, plural, second-person], estuper [alternative], estouper [alternative], estopper [alternative]
  1. to stop up, block, plug
    Sense id: en-estoper-fro-verb-Rifpe4eZ Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -er, Old French verbs with weak-a preterite, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Old French entries with incorrect language header: 77 23 Disambiguation of Old French verbs ending in -er: 73 27 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a preterite: 73 27 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 70 30 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 81 19
  2. to stiffen, thicken
    Sense id: en-estoper-fro-verb-lhKvl3Yl
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "étouper"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle French",
      "lang_code": "frm",
      "word": "estouper"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "étouper"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle French",
      "lang_code": "frm",
      "word": "estoupper"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "étouper"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle French",
      "lang_code": "frm",
      "word": "estoper"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estoupail"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estouppal"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoupaille"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoppaile"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old French",
      "lang_code": "fro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "estopaille"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estoupail"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estouppal"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoupaille"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoppaile"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old French",
      "lang_code": "fro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "estoupaille"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estoupail"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estouppal"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoupaille"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoppaile"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old French",
      "lang_code": "fro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "estoupaile"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "estop"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "estoppen"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoper",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir estopé",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en estopant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopé",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estop",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estope",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopevent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopames",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperont",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estop",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estope",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estuper",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estouper",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopper",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "estoper",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-er"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "77 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "73 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "73 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "81 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to stop up, block, plug"
      ],
      "id": "en-estoper-fro-verb-Rifpe4eZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "stop up",
          "stop up"
        ],
        [
          "block",
          "block"
        ],
        [
          "plug",
          "plug"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stiffen, thicken"
      ],
      "id": "en-estoper-fro-verb-lhKvl3Yl",
      "links": [
        [
          "stiffen",
          "stiffen"
        ],
        [
          "thicken",
          "thicken"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "estoper"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old French first group verbs",
    "Old French lemmas",
    "Old French verbs",
    "Old French verbs ending in -er",
    "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "étouper"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle French",
      "lang_code": "frm",
      "word": "estouper"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "étouper"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle French",
      "lang_code": "frm",
      "word": "estoupper"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "word": "étouper"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle French",
      "lang_code": "frm",
      "word": "estoper"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estoupail"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estouppal"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoupaille"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoppaile"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old French",
      "lang_code": "fro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "estopaille"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estoupail"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estouppal"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoupaille"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoppaile"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old French",
      "lang_code": "fro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "estoupaille"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estoupail"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "French",
              "lang_code": "fr",
              "word": "étoupail"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle French",
          "lang_code": "frm",
          "word": "estouppal"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoupaille"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "English",
              "lang_code": "en",
              "word": "estoppel"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "lang_code": "enm",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "stoppaile"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old French",
      "lang_code": "fro",
      "raw_tags": [
        "reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
      ],
      "word": "estoupaile"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "estop"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "estoppen"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fro-conj-er",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoper",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir estopé",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "en estopant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopant",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopé",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estop",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estope",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeves",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeve",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopeient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopoent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopevent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopames",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopastes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopereiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperont",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperoie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopereie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperoies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopereies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperoit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopereit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperiiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperiiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estoperoient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopereient",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estop",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopasse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopasses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopissons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopissiens",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopissoiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopissez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopissiez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopassent",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estope",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopons",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopez",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estuper",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estouper",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "estopper",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "estoper",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fro-conj-er"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stop up, block, plug"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stop up",
          "stop up"
        ],
        [
          "block",
          "block"
        ],
        [
          "plug",
          "plug"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to stiffen, thicken"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stiffen",
          "stiffen"
        ],
        [
          "thicken",
          "thicken"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "estoper"
}

Download raw JSONL data for estoper meaning in All languages combined (12.9kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.